how to format a synthesis matrix and summarize

Main ideas

Sources

Main Idea A

Main Idea B

Main Idea C

Training domestic violence victims on financial literacy are key to helping them recover from the abuse

The victims of domestic suffer from bad credit/debt scores, lack of financial literacy and knowledge to rebuild their lives

Financial literacy training for domestic violence survivors should incorporate access to employment opportunities and affordable housing programs for the victims

Adams, A. E., Littwin, A. K., & Javorka, M. (2020). The frequency, nature, and effects of coerced debt among a national sample of women seeking help for intimate partner violence. 
Violence against women, 
26(11), 1324-1342.

Training victims of domestic violence should involve helping survivors change their financial security information including checking account numbers, savings account numbers, online bank passwords, credit card numbers, online shopping passwords, or information associated with any other account that their partner can access, to prevent any unauthorized access to such details by partners. (pg.1337)

What are their recommendations on how to do this?

Research conducted with human service and legal professionals provided initial evidence of the problem of coerced debt, how it happens, and the effects it has on victims’ lives. (pg.1327). Comment by Amy Lyndon: This looks interesting. How might you incorporate the issue of coerced debt into a financial literacy training? Maybe there’s even a resource that victims could reach out to for help in getting out from coerced debt? (I have no idea, but maybe there’s a fraud prevention/intervention service somewhere that could offer legal hep?)

While training victims over financial literacy, coerced debt is found, immediate steps that to end coerced debts must be taken, including disputing the fraudulent charges with the three major credit bureaus (Experian, Transunion, and Equifax) and placing a fraud alert or credit freeze on the credit report, which makes it harder for the survivor’s partner to generate additional coerced debt and further damage her credit. (pg.1337). This looks like great information to have a step-by-step process on how to use these sources for help! Good

Busch, N. B., & Valentine, D. (2000). Empowerment practice: A focus on battered women. 
Affiliate,
15(1), 82-95.

Powerless individuals or groups become empowered when they gain power and access to resources. (pg.86)

Moreover, research has indicated that empowering battered women (especially through financial literacy) enables them to escape violence in their lives. (pg.91).

How might you be able to help women to
permanently leave partners through this (protecting assets from abusers, etc.?)

Hamdar, B. C., Hejase, H., El-Hakim, F., Le Port, J. A., & Baydoun, R. (2015). Economic empowerment of women in Lebanon.
World Journal of Social Science Research, 2(2), 251-265.

Women’s economic empowerment is the most important factor which contributes to gender equality and enhances women’s living standards. (p. 256).

Empowered women usually have a substantial level of financial literacy and this helps them to achieve long-term housing, protecting themselves from financial dependency on their partners.

What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Hartley, C. C., & Renner, L. M. (2018). Economic self-sufficiency among women who experienced intimate partner violence and received civil legal services. 
Journal of family violence, 
33(7), 435-445.

The EJP offers women the opportunity to participate in two matched-saving programs called the Classic IDA (federally funded) and Car IDA (privately funded). Both of these programs help survivors save for valuable assets like post-secondary education, a first home, small business expenses, or transportation. EJP also provides IDA participants an opportunity to build their credit through a microloan program. Survivors work closely with a trained advocate to create and meet financial goals (e.g., build a credit score) and receive continued support in attaining economic self-sufficiency. (pg.7) Nice! Great information to include!

Hendriks, S. (2019). The role of financial inclusion in driving women’s economic empowerment. 
Development in Practice, 
29(8), 1029-1038.

Fundamentally, we believe that taking charge of your economic future is one of the most profound ways to exercise power over your life. That’s why our gender equality strategy is devoted specifically to transforming the way women participate in economies. (pg.1033). I’m not sure what this really says about how to do a training.

Hoge, G. L., Stylianou, A. M., Hetling, A., & Postmus, J. L. (2020). Developing and validating the scale of economic self-efficacy. 
Journal of interpersonal violence, 
35(15-16), 3011-3033.

Experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and financial hardship are often intertwined. The dynamics of an abusive relationship may include economic abuse tactics that compromise a survivor’s ability to work, pursue education, have access to financial resources, and establish financial skills, knowledge, and security. Thus, an increasingly common goal among programs serving IPV survivors is increasing financial empowerment through financial literacy (pg.3012). You’ve established this in your previous matrix. Does this source tell you anything about
how to conduct this type of training?

Moreover, given the increase in programs focused on assets, financial empowerment, and financial well-being for other populations, the Scale of ESE has the potential as a very timely and relevant tool in the design and implementation of financial literacy programs in general, particularly those developed for women (pg.3028).

What is the Scale of ESE? How might you use it? (or not?)

Klein, L. B., Chesworth, B. R., Howland-Myers, J. R., Rizo, C. F., & Macy, R. J. (2021). Housing interventions for intimate partner violence survivors: A systematic review. 
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 
22(2), 249-264.

Survivors’ housing insecurity and homelessness can have detrimental consequences on their well-being. Survivors often stay with perpetrators because they do not have other options for a place to live (pg.250). Thus, providing ways through which survivors can access affordable housing programs is critical to helping them improve their lives.

Good! Think about ways you can specifically target this issue separately.

Kulkarni, S. J., Marcus, S., Cortes, C., Escalante, C., Wood, L., & Fusco, R. (2021). Improving safe housing access for domestic violence survivors through systems change. 
Housing policy debate, 1-15.

Safe affordable housing is important for survivors and their children to achieve healing and economic self-sufficiency. Housing instability, more than DV severity and drug and alcohol use, predicts PTSD and depression and decreased quality of life for survivors (p.2). Final literacy training must involve such plans to help the victims.

(same as above)

Peled, E., & Krigel, K. (2016). The path to economic independence among survivors of intimate partner violence: A critical review of the literature and courses for action. 
Aggression and violent behavior, 
31, 127-135.

The financial education program covers topics such as money and power; drawing up a financial plan for dealing with the cost of living; establishing a good credit record; basic familiarity and understanding of investments and banking; and economic oppression and violence. The programs will help empower women and reduce the reliance on their partners for financial stability. The programs will go a long way in helping women from economic abuse (p.32). These are good topics to include, then!

NRCDV (n.d). Program and Practice Profiles Economic Justice Project. Retrieved from https://www.dvevidenceproject.org/wp-content/uploads/EconomicJusticeProjectProfile

The goal of the Economic Justice Project (EJP) is to foster economic independence and self-sufficiency among survivors of intimate partner abuse. The EJP provides survivors an opportunity to participate in three main program components: the Classic IDA program, the Car IDA program, and the microloan program (p.3). These seem similar to the other source above (Hartley & Renner, 2018). Is it on the same program? What does this source suggest that’s different than that article?

Postmus, J. L., Hoge, G. L., Breckenridge, J., Sharp-Jeffs, N., & Chung, D. (2020). Economic abuse as an invisible form of domestic violence: A multi-country review. 
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 
21(2), 261-283.

The research argues that financial illiteracy among women is the leading cause of economic abuse among women. Achieving economic literacy by the victims would guarantee them safety from economic abuses. Economic abuse can cause severe material deprivation for women and can prevent them from becoming economically secure and independent (pg. 279). What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Postmus, J. L., Plummer, S. B., & Stylianou, A. M. (2016). Measuring economic abuse in the lives of survivors: Revising the Scale of Economic Abuse. 
Violence against women, 
22(6), 692-703.

Education programs that seek to improve women’s financial literacy are important in our society today to prevent cases of domestic violence as well as to help the survivors to achieve economic and psychological recovery from the abuse and trauma they underwent at the hands of their abusive partners. Battered women have reported that economic factors are a primary reason for staying with their abusive partners. (P.241). What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Sanders, C. K., Weaver, T. L., & Schnabel, M. (2007). Economic education for battered women: An evaluation of outcomes. 
Affiliate,
22(3), 240-254.

The aim of the programs is to increase access to and knowledge of financial resources and women’s self-confidence in managing and coping with financial problems independently. Small positive steps toward budgeting, paying off debts, and planning for the future are viewed as successful outcomes. In addition to core financial information, an emphasis on safety issues is included throughout the curriculum (pg.244). Comment by Amy Lyndon: Maybe consider how to integrate personal confidence information or assessments along with the financial information?

The research argues that it is through financial literacy that women can leave abusive relationships. Many victims of domestic violence cannot leave their abusive partners because they do not have the means and ways to support themselves and their children. What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Sauber, E. W., & O’Brien Multiple Losses: The

Psychological and

Economic Well-Being

of Survivors of Intimate

Partner Violence.
Journal of interpersonal violence, 
35(15-16), 3054-3078.

Consequently, the COR framework suggests that intimate partner violence may contribute to resource loss, which in turn, relates to psychological distress and economic well-being. Thus, priorities the training of such victims in areas of financial literacy and economic independence is key to helping them rebuild their lives. What would this source say about HOW to do the training? Comment by Amy Lyndon: What is the COR framework?

Survivors of intimate partner violence, who often experience prolonged abuse, may be especially vulnerable to resource loss. Abusers can use tactics to disconnect survivors from their work and financial resources, such as harassing them at their place of employment, withholding their earnings, and purposely accruing credit card debt (pg.3056). Maybe something to consider is showing survivors how abusers keep them dependent? Maybe consider walking them through a scenario where a person begins to do these things and ask them what they would do to protect against it? This maybe more active learning

Stylianou, A. M., Hoge, G. L., Plummer, S., McMahon, S., & Postmus, J. L. (2016). Implementing a financial management curriculum with survivors of IPV: Exploring advocates’ experiences. 
Affiliate,
31(1), 112-128.

Financial Literacy can be used as a tool to help Survivors of IPV to attain safety and achieve financial independence. (p. 113).

.IPV-specific programs such as Redevelopment Opportunities for Women provide financial literacy education to increase survivor knowledge of and access to financial resources and aim to increase survivor confidence in managing finances (p.114). Comment by Amy Lyndon: Would this program offer any ideas on HOW to do a training?

Stylianou, A. M. (2018). Economic abuse within intimate partner violence: a review of the literature. 
Violence and Victims, 
33(1), 3-22.

One of the greatest impacts of economic abuse is that it creates an economic dependency on the perpetrator. Studies have consistently demonstrated that economic dependence is the primary obstacle victims face in attempting to leave abusive relationships. Economic abuse also affects the victim’s ability to gain economic self-sufficiency and financial resources. (pg.10). therefore, programs that train and educate victims of domestic abuse to become financially independent are effective to help victims recover. What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Sullivan, C. M., & Olsen, L. (2016). Common ground, complementary approaches: Adapting the Housing First model for domestic violence survivors. 
Housing and Society, 
43(3), 182-194.

Many abusers intentionally destroy their victims’ economic and housing stability by ruining their credit, stealing their money, destroying their property, or preventing them from working, as a means of trapping them in the relationship. (p.183). What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Many survivors need not only proactive advocacy to obtain safe and stable housing but also temporary financial assistance to get back on their feet. They may need assistance with issues viewed as directly related to housing: a security deposit and temporary rental assistance, help to clear up rent arrears (often intentionally incurred by the abuser) or help with utility bills. Often, though, survivors need funds that may not be viewed by others as impacting housing but that advocates recognize are critical to housing stability (pg.187).

Tarshis, S. (2022). Intimate partner violence and employment-seeking: A multilevel examination of barriers and facilitators. 
Journal of interpersonal violence, 
37(7-8), NP5774-NP5804.

Employment issues faced by women impacted by IPV are significantly understudied and gaps in our understanding of the consequences and scope of IPV on employment persist. These gaps highlight the need for research that provides a deeper understanding of the employment-seeking experiences of survivors of IPV and the broader, structural factors and barriers that impact their experiences (pg.4). How might you incorporate employment issues into a training? Maybe talk about how to fill out the tax forms, etc. they would fill out for employment? Etc.?

Tlapek, S. M., Knott, L. H., & Voth Schrag, R. (2022). A process to identify and address barriers to providing financial capability programming to survivors of intimate partner violence. 
Families in society, 
103(1), 65-77.

Many scholars and practitioners have adopted the FCAB approach to addressing poverty and inequality: working to increase access to financial opportunity by changing institutions while simultaneously continuing efforts to assist individuals. The goal of FCAB interventions is for people to develop both (a) the ability and (b) the opportunity to improve their financial well-being (pg.2). This would be a very important program for helping survivors of domestic violence to recover from trauma and abuse. Specifics on how you could incorporate this into your training? Comment by Amy Lyndon: Would you be able to use this information somehow? Maybe there’s a handout that could include helpful contact information for financial institutions to pass out along with the training?

Voth Schrag, R. J., Robinson, S. R., & Ravi, K. (2019). Understanding pathways within intimate partner violence: Economic abuse, economic hardship, and mental health. 
Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 
28(2), 222-242.

Economic abuse, therefore, may have a range of cascading impacts including preventing the victim from leaving the abusive relationship, preventing the victim from gaining and/or maintaining economic opportunities, impacting the victim’s ability to financially care for his or her children, and destroying the victim’s economic foundation. Establishing programs that provide training to IPV is critical to help them recover. What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Voth Schrag, R. J., Ravi, K., Robinson, S., Schroeder, E., & Padilla-Medina, D. (2021). Experiences with help-seeking among non–service-engaged survivors of IPV: Survivors’ recommendations for service providers.
Violence against women, 
27(12-13), 2313-2334.

Survivors of IPV have identified challenges that include a lack of knowledge related to services availability or eligibility, and logistical barriers, including cost, child care, transportation, timing, or the location of services. (p.2315).

The financial dependence of victims is regarded as one of the main barriers to victims from seeking help from an abusive relationship. Helping them with programs that can overcome this would greatly help improve their lives. This is good information – how might you incorporate it into a training? One way may be to think about how to find transportation, location of helpful services?

Voth Schrag, R. J. (2019). Experiences of economic abuse in the community: Listening to survivor voices. 
Affiliate,
34(3), 313-324.

Many IPV survivors do not access formal services, such as domestic violence shelters or IPV-specific counseling agencies, yet they still experience a wide range of adverse impacts from violence. Empowering social workers who encounter survivors outside of IPV service settings to identify the tactics and impacts of EA could expand the reach of services aimed at supporting survivors and begin to undo the economics of abuse (Pg. 322). I’m not sure if you could address this issue or not, as they wouldn’t be at the shelter to receive the training. What do you think?

Voth Schrag, R. J., Edmond, T., & Nordberg, A. (2020). Understanding school sabotage among survivors of intimate partner violence from diverse populations. 
Violence against women, 
26(11), 1286-1304.

CCT posits that IPV survivors will have lower levels of economic stability compared to other women, as an abuser uses various tactics to increase her economic dependence, enhancing control over all aspects of her life. Programs that enhance the education progress of the victims help stabilize the survivor’s finances (p.298). What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Warren, A., Marchant, T., Schulze, D., & Chung, D. (2019). From economic abuse to economic empowerment: Piloting a financial literacy curriculum with women who have experienced domestic and family violence. 
Affiliate,
34(4), 498-517.

Financial literacy programs have been identified as having the potential to increase the financial security of women who have experienced DFV. Many women lack the financial literacy that can propel them to economic independence and coming up with programs that elevate the victims of DV can help in giving them the safety they need (p.500). What would this source say about HOW to do the training?

Wilkinson, A. (1998). Empowerment: theory and practice. 
Personnel review.

Empowerment theory is very critical to uplifting women as it enhances their financial literacy.

Empowerment theory will allow victims of domestic violence to learn the art of managing their finances and this will achieve their financial independence. Empowerment theory will also promote the achievement of financial literacy equality in our society which has made them susceptible to both financial and physical abuse from their partners. What would this source say about HOW to do the training?