Assignment Content
Create a research question for a study that will help fill a gap and provide benefits in a field.
Design a research strategy in order to answer a research question.
Evaluate research and data that can help answer the research question and support a hypothesis.
Draft a paper that answers the research question based on findings.
Revise research and writing based on feedback.
Compose a report inclusive of research and data analysis
Student Success Criteria
View the grading rubric for this deliverable by selecting the “This item is graded with a rubric” link, which is located in the Details & Information pane.
Scenario
You have received your master’s degree and now have a job in your field. Your boss has encouraged you to do research on a topic in your field and write a scholarly paper for publication.
Instructions
Create a research question in your field, and write a complete scholarly paper on your question. NOTE: Deliverable 7 must be an original research question and proposal. It must be unique and separate from your proposal elements of Deliverables 1-6. This paper should contain the following sections:
An introductory section that explains the research question, its purpose, and how the paper fills a deficiency or gap in the research. Also explain any limitations to the study and how any potential ethical issues will be managed.
A section reviewing the current literature on this topic. This section should discuss as least five relevant and current articles related to the research question.
A section on the methods that will be followed to conduct the research.
A section on data collection and analysis.
A section that details the projected findings.
A concluding section that evaluates the usefulness of the study and any practical implications it has
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Introduction Section of a Research Paper
Radiation exposure has been one of the main problems facing us today. The general population has an average radiation dosage of 2.5 mSv per year, accounting for roughly 15% of the total radiation exposure (Algohani, et al., 2018 pg3). CT scanning has led to an increase in medical exposure during the last two decades. However, 20% of medical exposures are clinically harmful. The field of radiology is a vital one in modern medicine. According to the National Council on Radiological Protection and Diagnostics’ 2010 research, “Ionizing Radiation Exposure of the US population,” the general public’s radiation exposure has increased sevenfold since the early 1980s (Khaled, et al., 2018). On the one hand, there is a great deal of concern about long-term health impacts like cancer because there is no known safe dosage and adverse effects may take up to two centuries to manifest. Radiation dose and danger linked with radiological exams are poorly understood. Different studies have been carried out, with most participants being radiology staff. Still, there is a lack awareness of the risks of radiation exposure to non-radiology staff. This paper addresses the question about radiation awareness and lack of radiation exposure knowledge among non-radiology staff.
Training for radiologists and radiographers is comprehensive, but non-radiologists are only required to complete a radiation safety course to get a certificate of core knowledge. The legislative document specifies what constitutes core knowledge. Radiation physics, biology, dose reduction techniques, and radiation safety are all covered in this course of study. Radiation doses connected with many radiological operations are underestimated by non-radiologists, regardless of whether or not they have taken a core of information class. Therefore, this research question is critical because it illustrates the effects of a lack of knowledge about the relative radiation doses of radiographical procedures for non-clinicians (Alotaibi, & Muhyi, 2019).
There are various gaps in the previous studies regarding this issue. According to Hobbs, et al., (2018), there is a lack of knowledge about the radiation dose and danger connected with radiological exams. Researchers from various specialities, medical students, interns, and general practitioners have participated in many researches, but the non-radiology staff has not been fully educated about the dangers of radiation. Therefore, my research study will look at the non-radiology staff and the dangers they are in due to a lack of knowledge about radiation exposure.
My study results indicate overall poor knowledge of radiation dose and risk among radiology residents, fellows, staff radiologists, and technologists of the Department of Medical Imaging. This is not different from many prior publications showing similar results among medical students, interns, and physicians of various non-radiological specialties. To the best of my knowledge, no research has been performed exclusively among radiology workers. The lack of large studies of radiation knowledge among radiology workers could be because radiation dose and risks are part of their learning curriculum, and the assumption is that they would be experts in different aspects of radiation. The physicians need to have sufficient knowledge of radiation risks, as they would be the ones requesting a radiology examination in the first place. However, radiologists are expected to have a wider and deeper knowledge of various aspects of medical radiation exposure and should be available to guide physicians in choosing an appropriate imaging modality that would provide the optimal answer to the clinical question with minimal radiation hazard
As a result of this study, I will gain a better understanding of how non-radiology personnel misunderstand the risks patients face from radiation exposure during routine imaging procedures and how they fail to address common patient concerns effectively. Recommending doctors are the ones who initially seek testing; therefore, they must know enough about radiation to do so safely. This study is critical because it entails reducing the harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation during medical tests to the absolute minimum. Public health initiatives may aim to improve the quality of radiology treatment or reduce exposure to risk factors like ionizing radiation. Radiologists and radiobiologists may work together to get the data they need to practice evidence-based medicine, a cornerstone of modern medicine. I believe that our institution is not alone in this battle and unfortunately currently there are no published data on radiation knowledge to compare with other teaching institutions in North America.
I am trying to enforce the recommendations of the American College of Radiology blue ribbon panel, which includes improving medical physics training during residency, including radiation safety topics in exit examinations, regular in-service training for technologists on radiation safety, which we are currently conducting every three months, and advanced training of selected enthusiastic technologists who can impart periodic training to other staff (Amis ES Jr, & Butler PF, 2012). Periodic continuous medical educational (CME) activities are recommended among radiology workers (Niemann, et al., 2012), and we are working to make this mandatory for all, including the staff radiologists irrespective of subspecialties, to update themselves on radiation dosage and risks and provide the evidence of acquired CME credits.
Medical educational activities could help in providing optimal usage of imaging resources and minimize the unpredictable and unavoidable risk of cancer, albeit very small. Pre- and post-educational session assessments can be performed to assess improvement in these endeavors. Other measures such as including the patient’s total radiation exposure in the imaging report, and including the radiation dosages in the radiology request forms could also create greater awareness among physicians and 5 patients, and potentially reduce the injudicious usage of imaging, although this needs extensive discussion among physicians and patients for ethical concerns and practical difficulties. This study is critical because it entails reducing the harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation during medical tests to the absolute minimum. Public health initiatives may aim to improve the quality of radiology treatment or reduce exposure to risk factors like ionizing radiation. Radiologists and radiobiologists may work together to get the data they need to practice evidence-based medicine, a cornerstone of modern medicine.
References
Algohani, K. A., Aldahhasi, A. A., Algarni, A. H., Amrain, K. Y., & Marouf, M. A. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 70(3), 371-375.
Alotaibi, A. E., & Muhyi, N. A. (2019). Assessing the radiation protection knowledge among non-radiologists. Surgery, 69, 57-5.
Amis ES Jr, Butler PF (2012) ACR white paper on radiation dose in medicine: three years later. J Am Coll Radiol 7(11):865–870
Hobbs, J. B., Goldstein, N., Lind, K. E., Elder, D., Dodd III, G. D., & Borgstede, J. P. (2018). Physician knowledge of radiation exposure and risk in medical imaging. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 15(1), 34-43.
Khaled, A., Ali, A., Abdullah, A., Khaled, A., & Majed, M. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists.
Niemann T, Nicolas G, Roser HW, Muller-Brand J, Bongartz G (2012) Imaging for suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy-what about the fetal dose? A comprehensive review of the literature. Insights Imaging 1(5–6):361–37
Running head: RESEARCH PAPER 1
RESEARCH PAPER 4
Research Paper
Student Name
Institution Affiliation
Research Paper
Adolescents are among the leading group that experiences serious mental health that leads to some committing suicide or developing suicidal thoughts. Suicidal thoughts develop when a teenager becomes depressed because of family challenges like divorce, poor academic grades, and peer pressure from colleagues on a good lifestyle they cannot afford. The issues that affect the youth need to be addressed through prevention approaches. There is a gap in the mental health department regarding the intervention required to assist the youth in overcoming depression because peer pressure has become a negative aspect that should be transformed positively. Research Question: “What is the impact of peer support intervention in preventing suicide among adolescents?” The research question discusses the impact of peer support intervention, which is to understand the elements of support that other youth that has overcome suicidal thoughts can assist colleagues and professionals in creating awareness of preventing suicide.
The research question is about understanding the peer support critical in addressing the suicide cases among adolescents. The focus of the research is to offer a solution to the research question considering the mixed research strategy (quantitative and qualitative) quantitative strategy as the technique that will give the best results.
I will use the mixed research strategy in answering the question because it is appropriate for the study. When conducting research, researchers must consider several factors, such as validity, generalizability, and dependability. Quantitative and qualitative research are regarded as good tools for research because of their reliability for quality results.
In quantitative research, the term “reliability” refers to a measure’s capacity to produce consistent results across time, and this is possible where the data used is structured to promote the reproducibility of the data, and this helps in getting better inferences (Farrelly & Murphy, 2018). Quantitative research is an objective analysis worth the research question because it helps me as the researcher to affect the results. Additionally, it is easier to analyze quantitative research than qualitative research, which promotes a successful analysis of the research question and offers an effective solution to the problem (Leung, 2015). It is beneficial to use both tools because it makes it possible to leverage both their strengths. A qualitative research strategy effectively sources detailed participant feedback since the questions are open-ended. The research promotes a successful outcome that ensures that I make the right decision about interventions that will benefit mental health patients.
However, the main aim of a mixed research strategy is to source detailed data from the participants and classify and analyze the data to get a significant insight. This applies to the research questions where various elements of peer support are measured through counting to understand its impact on preventing suicide.
The quantitative research strategy has various steps that have to be followed to achieve the method section of the research paper successfully. The steps are as follows:
Theory
Both qualitative and quantitative research have a theory at the start. I will consider using the sociology theory that connects significantly with the research question and makes the research relatable. Sociology theory expresses the impact that peer pressure among the youth presses them to engage in activities that lead to them regretting later, resulting in depression (Leung, 2015). Excessive depression without an intervention result in them committing suicide.
Research Design
The descriptive and thematic research design is essential for mixed research. The step is critical in planning how the problem identified in the research question, suicide among adolescents, is addressed through the research. The framework is essential to conducting the research where various procedures are considered, including determining the method used in the research. In this case, I chose the interview method to collect the data, ensuring that the questions used were structured to give numerical figures (Leung, 2015). The sampling method best for the research is probability sampling through the stratified approach.
Probability Sampling
Probability sampling can be made based on data obtained randomly by researchers using this approach of random sampling. Using probability sampling as a researcher, I can collect data from members of the population they are trying to learn more about. I will obtain data at random from the chosen sample, thus, any chance of bias in the sampling process is eliminated (Leung, 2015). It is possible to select a random sample from a specific group of the target population using stratified random sampling. I consider the stratified sampling approach for this research because we need a group of mental health adolescents chosen randomly as the study’s sample and the mental health professionals selected randomly.
The stratified sampling makes the work easier for the researcher since the process target professional that at times might be busy with work and should be within a given niche to get the right results. The mental health patients who have tried to commit suicide due to different elements of peer pressure are chosen from a given group to ensure they have the experience needed to make the right decisions.
Selection of Participants
Choosing the participants for the study is conducted by considering the random sampling in a stratified approach where the mental health patients and the professionals are targeted differently. The stratified sampling ensures that there is an equal number of patients and mental health professionals that may be chosen using any number of sampling approaches, depending on the research question under evaluation. In this case, we focus on ensuring that the mental health professionals chosen have the experience with the patients selected for the study to give reliable and accurate information that makes the research significant.
The process of choosing the participants in the research is voluntary, and the participant is assured of their privacy in the data shared. In this scenario, the participant is expected to sign the consent form before engaging in the process, which falls under ethical considerations (Leung, 2015). A representative sample must represent the assumption if it is to be tested, such as having both genders and a balanced number of mental health professionals and patients.
Development of the Interview Questions and the Requirements
The interview will consist of 10 questions that are designed for the participants. The interview questions will have structured, and unstructured questions to ensure that the data collected, both textual and numerical achieve the requirements for mixed research and a detailed outcome. The ten interview questions should be targeted to answer the research question. The questions will be structured and open-ended since the feedback is needed in quantitative and qualitative to make it measurable and thematic.
During the interview, a recorder and camera tapes are needed to take the audio and visual content needed for analysis. The data collected is immediately secured in a drive, both physically and on the cloud, for the security of the information. The data is encrypted for security if a cybercriminal penetrates through personal computers and systems.
Types of data
Quantitative data is needed for the research; in this case, they should be in numbers. All the questions for the interview are linked to numbers to get the numerical data that is critical in getting a good measure of how the peer pressure elements can be targeted to assist adolescents from suicide. On the other hand, qualitative research would need textual responses from participants.
Data collection Plan
Data collection is an important step for any research, and it determines the outcome’s quality since the data’s source determines credibility and reliability. In this study, we rely on the quantitative and qualitative approach to collecting the data, and the interview approach is the choice.
The patient and mental health professionals are the 20 participants needed for the research where they will be subjected to the interview. There would be a balance of 10 mental health patients and ten health professionals that would assist in representing the population in giving the information about the elements of peer pressure that should be considered in making interventions for preventing suicide among adolescents.
Interview Method
Data is often gathered through the use of in-depth interviews with individuals. As a result, quantitative and qualitative data are collected more systematically, where researchers ask a standard and open-ended set of questions. The questions are answered based on a rating from 1 to 10, from strongly agree to disagree strongly. The participant also adds detailed information on a topic beyond the numerical feedback for a significant result.
I will explore conducting interviews over the phone or in person, depending on participant preferences. For many years, telephone interviews were the gold standard for gathering data. As a result, there has been a considerable increase in conducting video interviews through the internet, Skype, or other online video calling platforms.
I consider technology a blessing that made it possible for us to interview without much pressure, especially for the mental health professionals that might be busy can consider using the telephone or skype to make sure that they respond to the interview questions. Interviewing participants face-to-face is a reliable method for obtaining data directly from the people involved. It facilitates the acquisition of high-quality data since it provides the opportunity to ask more in-depth questions and probe further to gather more detailed and insightful information.
Face-to-face (F2F) surveys allow for the collection of non-verbal data through observation or exploring complicated and unknown subjects, regardless of the participant’s literacy level (Heale & Twycross, 2015). F2F interviews have higher response rates even though they are more expensive and time-consuming. I prefer the F2F interview approach because the participant can become more involved and determined to respond to the questions and ensure we have reputable feedback. If some participants find themselves committed and may not be available in person, we can use the telephone as an alternative method to make the research work.
10 Interview Questions
1. Do you agree that youth experiencing suicidal thoughts require monitoring and support from family? If yes, at what percentage? Kindly explain the topic in detail.
(Yes 100%, Yes 80%, Yes 50%, Yes 20% or No)
2.
At what percentage has the government intervened towards mental health treatment and awareness among the youth? Explain more about government intervention in youth mental health treatment and awareness?
(0-100%)
3. Do you agree that involving youth that has overcome depression and suicidal thoughts in mental health awareness program will prevent more cases of suicide? Share your opinion.
(Strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, or strongly disagree)
4. What is the effectiveness of using technology in creating awareness about suicidal thoughts? If effective, have you used it before? Share your experiences.
(More effective, effective, neutral, not effective or ineffective)
5. Do you support that suicide cases among the youth are caused more by peer pressure? If yes, how?
(Yes (0-100% or No
6. At what percentage do you agree that counselors or therapists are addressing the challenge of suicide among the youth? Explain your answer.
(0-100%)
7. In the rate of 1-10, indicate the contribution of family background to the suicide cases reported among the youth? Please share your experiences or understanding about it.
8. What percentage of emotional support that the youth need to overcome depressive challenges? (0-10%) Explain how family achieves emotional support for their sick teenage son or daughter?
9. At what rate does religious and social support help in preventing suicide among the youth?
(0-100% ) Share your thoughts.
10. What percentage role do the mental health professionals contribute to preventing suicide among the youth? (0-100%) Are they doing it currently? What are the future expectations?
Data Processing
The data collected in an interview are both in textual and numeric forms. Developing the interview questions will consider having some questions attached to percentages and some numerical like 1 to 9 in giving opinions and responses (Mohajan, 2017). There is also the data that is processed and analyzed to have themes. Information is likely to need to be coded or transformed for improved analysis. Immediately the interview data is collected when the data is processed, turning all the information into a numerical format that makes it easy for analysis.
Data Analysis
As a researcher, I will employ various statistical tools in his hunt for meaningful connections between variables. I will consider the data being analyzed using Graphs and pie charts, the most common methods for visualizing the relationship between variables. These tools are essential for communicating the results of quantitative data analysis to others. The textual data is subjected to thematic analysis, and the research question is addressed in the form of themes.
According to standard statistical techniques like the Chi-squared test, quantitative research must be considered seriously for its findings to be accepted (Mohajan, 2017). Big data has made it much easier to do what many sociology students despise. Analysis of the interview data is vital to get the percentage data about the best intervention that the mental health facility should consider. The data analysis is a crucial section of the research method that determines the findings and conclusions concerning the answer to the research question.
Findings and Conclusion
Based on data analysis, as a researcher, I have to interpret the data collected and analyzed to get inferences concerning the intervention towards addressing suicide cases among adolescents. Understanding the collected data helps the mental health facility adopt the best elements of peer pressure during therapy sessions to ensure that the patient receives the best therapy programs to prevent suicide (Heale & Twycross, 2015). The study outcome is about how the youth would benefit from family and fellow youth support in creating mental health awareness and battling suicidal thoughts to avoid them from happening. The research results will include the effectiveness of mental health professionals and how emotional, social, and religious support contribute to preventing suicide. Prevention is key to minimizing costs associated with treating adolescents.
Discussion
The research has limitations, especially on the interviewed participants, because the family, friends, and community are not included in the study and affect the outcome. The opportunity there is using technology to get the interview done in case some participants decline face-to-face interviews. The study adds value to the fight against suicide and mental health issues in general among the youth. The study ensures a proactive approach to mental challenges that affect the youth.
References
Farrelly, T. and Murphy, T. (2018) ‘Hindsight is 20/20 vision: what international students wished they had known before coming to live and learn in Ireland’, Journal of International Students, 8(4), pp. 1848-1864.
Heale, R. and Twycross, A. (2015) ‘Validity and reliability in quantitative studies, Evidence-Based Nursing, 18(3), pp. 66-67.
Leung, L. (2015) ‘Validity, reliability, and generalizability in qualitative research, Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 4(3), pp. 324-327.
Mohajan, H. (2017) ‘Two criteria for good measurements in research validity and reliability, Annals of Spiru Haret University, 17(3), pp. 58-82.
Noble, H. and Smith, J. (2015) ‘Issues of validity and reliability in qualitative research, Evidence-Based Nursing, 18(2), pp. 34-35.
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Deliverable 6 – Create an Abstract
Jamie Raines
Rasmussen College
HSA5000CBE Section 01CBE Scholarly Research and Writing
Caroline Gulbrandsen
7/26/2022
ABSTRACT
The field of radiology is a vital one in modern medicine. Many diagnostic tests and radiological treatments rely on ionizing radiation. Although scanning’s benefits far exceed the risks of radioactivity, a growing concern has been expressed regarding the potential damage ionizing radiation may do to living things. This paper aims to answer the question, “Among non-radiology staff, where does non-radiology staff stand regarding radiation awareness?”My research question aims to look at radiation awareness among the non-radiology staff and the effects of radiation among the non-radiology staff. I will conduct a qualitative research study to help illustrate radiation awareness among the non-radiology staff. I will use qualitative approach for this study (Algohani et al., 2018). Interviews and questionnaires are used to get the data for this qualitative study. Using a range of survey forms and methods, researchers builds effective contact with participants while minimizing the risk of rejection or noncooperation. Semi-structured and fully structured questionnaires are both common forms of questionnaires. This study is expected to illustrate the level of knowledge of non-radiologists. Many researchers, including medical students, interns, and general practitioners, have engaged in research, and non-radiology personnel have not been addressed. Non-radiology staff members are at risk because they lack the necessary understanding. This study illustrates the high number of injury cases resulting from a lack of proper knowledge regarding ionizing radiation. The study will also indicate overall poor knowledge of radiation among members of this group. This study is significant because a more thorough understanding of how non-radiology staff misinterprets and fails to address patients’ typical concerns during routine imaging procedures will be gained. Ionizing radiation may be used to sterilize medical devices, food, and insects, among other things. Therefore, this study will help illustrate how the full potential can be tapped without causing harm to the people and especially the non-radiology staff.
References
Algohani, K. A., Aldahhasi, A. A., Algarni, A. H., Amrain, K. Y., & Marouf, M. A. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 70(3), 371-375. retrieved from:
Awareness of Radiation Protection Measures among Radiologists and Non-Radiologists (ekb.eg)
Khaled, A., Ali, A., Abdullah, A., Khaled, A., & Majed, M. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists.
Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists | Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The]. 2018; 70 (3): 371-375 | IMEMR (bvsalud.org)
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Research on Whether Ethics Can Get Applied in Business Leadership in the Current Advanced Market
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Course Name
Professor’s Name
Date
Research on Whether Ethics Can Get Applied in Business Leadership in the Current Advanced Market
Introduction
Analysis of organizational ethics is a crucial procedure that facilitates productive employee behaviors and proper connection with stakeholders’ expectations. In the case of a business, it would be possible to manufacture required products for the company by adopting a dependable organizational culture. Ethical work management is imperative for every activity that promotes business development based on suitable work standards. Ethical behaviors are essential in different corporate settings to ensure managers are provided with impartial decision-making procedures. To facilitate required changes, all company stakeholders must perform ethics training that impacts the entire organization. The best process for developing organizations is to use research to find out about internal operational factors. It would be possible to facilitate proper behavioral changes by allowing employees to adhere to work environment expectations while promoting a safe environment that integrates ethics. The availability of employees’ motivation to improve their performance is another profitable method of creating modifications. It would be possible to generate impactful changes in a company’s departments in all these ways. Employee development will provide reliable daily organizational factors. This paper will analyze ethical behaviors by employees and how they contribute to sustainability for the entire business.
Research Question Explanation
The research is based on an analysis of how leaders can foster ethical behavior so that an entire digitized work environment can get handled based on standards that ensure total productivity. Is it possible for business leaders to integrate ethical management of their employees in the current advanced market? The research question is applied in the study and to the current business environment based on the diverse organizational practices adopted by various persons. Integration of a code of conduct is the standard for operational success. It guides the research question to determine how the current business management process can integrate ethics and technological development for beneficial business outcomes. It is relevant to study the research question since corporate leaders must provide employees with the company’s code of conduct. After this process, it would be possible to change the types of issues employees may create if they do not adhere to all expected outcomes. Using a code of conduct is the best method to implement changes that would facilitate high-quality employee behaviors without negatively impacting the company’s organizational culture.
Integrating employee assessments is a structured method to manage code of conduct processes since they allow for implementing policies that produce better work management. Once an employee begins working for a company, they would be required to accept rules governing their behaviors. In this way, it would be possible to facilitate the smooth operation of a company at all times without negatively impacting required employee behaviors. Any incident of misconduct would get handled effectively by connecting employers to professional employees. Connecting employers and employees is an excellent ethical process since there can be the discovery of problems that might affect the entire business environment in terms of serving profitable operations.
The suitable research method for this study is qualitative research, specifically document analysis so that different literature developed by experienced people can get analyzed for valuable ideas based on creating a standard of ethical integration in companies. The qualitative research method is a survey of business leaders with extensive knowledge and how their work supports the development of informed business management. The process shall integrate the study of two companies that provide informed consent for their employees to participate in the research.
Literature Review
According to Errida & Lotfi (2021), businesses have integrated sustainable and ethical practices in their organization through methods such as honesty. The research explained that business leaders could promote progressive policies that streamline a digitized business process like websites to promote better customer services. Businesses can then gain better profits because they do not mislead or deceive their customers by misrepresentations of products on their website, overstatements of the benefits of their products, or selective omission of contents in their products. The ethical leadership technique applied by the company creates a solid connection to technological solutions based on the availability of many sections and photos related to the clients’ uses. It is possible to discover how the company connects its services to all customer needs by navigating its website and picking different content. Honesty for all employees ensures the entire work environment operates by high ethical standards since the leadership standards focus on digitizing business while eliminating conflicts.
Business leaders also practice integrity, and this is seen because well-informed businesses secure their digital network so that any online purchases of products promote customer safety. The secure pages ensure no one changes any information on the business website pages without the owners’ permission. In this way, it is possible to note cohesion with the security mechanism integrated by leaders for digital platform management that the company adopts to facilitate productive outcomes during any user session (Grigoropoulosi, 2019). It is likely to note how a company’s promise-keeping and trustworthiness get applied as it posts content on its website and provides many links. In this way, the current digitized business environment operates using a suitable model, and the application of ethical standards becomes the central focus which does not create adverse outcomes for any parties engaging with the company’s website. Business leaders that focus on beneficial developments can thus produce can policies that support client satisfaction which is a suitable illustration of integrity in business.
The appropriate delivery method for ethical behavioral change in a business environment would be to create face-to-face training sessions that allow employees to interact during their training. It would be possible to implement significant changes by involving different employee conflicts during training sessions to demonstrate how to develop morality and integrity. Disputes are shared among employees due to diverse backgrounds that can cause hostile occurrences while serving clients. Training sessions can facilitate substantial changes in the work environment by tailoring the training processes to suit existing employee issues (Shannon, 2017). Employees can develop change practices to eliminate hostile interactions that can push away clients. Ethical behavioral change can then get conducted to deal with positive interactions among different persons. Using emails is another effective delivery method to share a company’s code of conduct. This way, it would be possible to create significant changes once employees remember the positive behavior to maintain a conducive work environment.
Ethical leadership management is a component of CSR (corporate social responsibility) that aims to provide an organization with different features that can work collaboratively to implement significant changes (Newman et al., 2020). A company in the current digitized business environment integrates external community members, employees, leaders, clients, shareholders, and organizational representatives that all serve ethical behaviors for business productivity. All the parties mentioned can collaborate to handle client requirements in methods that generate good outcomes. Using stakeholders’ comments to handle conflict management scenarios makes organizational management possible. There is a solid requirement to perform ethical decision-making to ensure proper changes get performed without interfering with established organizational structures. It would be possible to align all expected outcomes of a company by using CSR’s broad impact for ultimate change management that serves ethical consequences among the workforce.
Understanding client requirements is crucial in ensuring change in all areas that CSR and its positive effects can handle. CSR can thus prove its intricate benefits that promote development at all times in organizations (Sroka & Szántó, 2018). According to Sroka & Szántó (2018), organizational performance is correlated with business management techniques that primary stakeholders use for beneficial practices. The practices integrate CSR, policy development, and a code of conduct developed to serve the entire business development process. Leaders can produce policies based on directions from the board of directors, which then get submitted to employees. This is a factual selection since all the persons mentioned are crucial in ensuring any business operates as expected and can provide clients with desired services and objects. The existence of a board of directors that promotes ethical business practices is a reliable process for business development so that there can be continuous service delivery.
Sroka & Szántó (2018) stated further that business ethics could attract investors by identifying how employees’ behaviors attract customers. Leaders are integral since they can understand how their roles as primary stakeholders influence the entire business. The secondary stakeholders involved in a business are clients and suppliers. All the selections are valid since the company operates to serve them and has to be operational initially to provide them with their requirements. A business can use research to discover methods to run the industry to ensure the primary stakeholders obtain the required outcomes.
Secondary stakeholders that our clients and suppliers can receive the required business outcomes once their unique expectations are submitted. Clients’ outcomes are mainly products and services that meet their expectations. Suppliers’ outcomes are mainly orders so that they can ensure business development. Stakeholders’ perspectives are crucial since they offer reliability when handling organizational development procedures. Involvement of research outcomes from employees, the community, suppliers, and competitors would ensure a business performs most productively. Ethical management of all operations would be possible without creating adverse outcomes for all contractual agreements (Fløvik et al., 2019). In connection with clients’ expectations, customers require aesthetically pleasing products that capture their attention to satisfy their purchases. Suppliers require knowledge of the business and areas where the company’s products have the most clients to ensure all parties receive the expected outcomes that would be possible. This connects to a code of conduct since a company can integrate a similar policy that employees and suppliers must adhere to promote collaborative work development.
Businesses can meet all stakeholders’ goals by implementing change based on the ever-transforming business environment. As primary stakeholders, the board of directors must enforce policies that broadly impact the entire company (Grigoropoulosi, 2019). Change in connection with the constantly changing business area is a vital requirement that facilitates required development for the whole of the company without negatively impacting resources and expected results. A business will find it easy to meet employees’ needs by providing required resources and timelines that positively impact creating all desired client expectations. It would be possible to generate expected outcomes by constantly assessing how suppliers distribute products to clients based on demographic factors. There can be a thriving organizational culture once all parties have reasonable expectations. Ethical behavioral management thus gets conducted in the entire business environment in terms of proper resource management.
A business applies ethical practices by ensuring that ethical and moral principles are followed to provide a friendly and trustworthy business environment (Tamunomiebi & Orianzi, 2019). People may avoid purchasing products from a company staff who do not practice sound principles and values. In this regard, an assessment of the business website should provide appropriate knowledge related to the company’s daily operations and performance that would display ethical behaviors that do not limit impartiality in all business actions. Due to the discussion of ethical practices, the staff can see the difference between right and wrong. The organizational culture applied at a business requires assessment to determine how it builds up a friendly environment for the customers and staff to conduct business.
Analysis
An organization should develop an ethical culture since the construct facilitates attaining all expected outcomes and solutions to any issues during daily operations. Employees would be the target of such a process since the performance of their tasks is the ultimate method required to generate change and attainment of all stakeholders’ expectations. Adherence to ethical culture shall develop moral judgment for employees by constantly understanding how their roles need them to handle ethical culture improvements. There can be motivation for an entire work environment to work with integrity in all operations while dealing with clients or developing products. In all these ways, it would be possible to create beneficial outcomes for all parties. Using responsible leaders will allow the business to operate effectively in a competitive environment due to the possibility of innovating performance enhancement processes. There would be strong reliability in directing attention towards the success of organizational departments as companies become aware of competitive organizational factors that can place them in high rankings.
Improvement of morality is required to ensure the productive development of all corporate departments since it would be possible to prioritize many organizational development processes. Social responsibility can be established once all people understand how their activities are required to operate at high standards and work collaboratively to handle change improvements. Ethical decision-making is needed for all types of companies since it ensures proper customer satisfaction based on the availability of established commitments that all stakeholders would have to honor (Bulog & Grančić, 2017). A business would have an adequate method to develop human resource management after installing shared value and using the technique to promote productivity in different capacities.
All leaders at a business can apply their influence to facilitate ethical culture improvements. It would be possible for employee team leaders, the brand manager, and suppliers’ leaders to work collaboratively to facilitate significant change in the entire work environment. Employee team leaders can influence behavioral changes of employees by capturing their attention and directing it towards change improvements. The brand manager can supervise to ensure employees’ behaviors suit the secondary stakeholders’ expectations. Business leaders can use their influence to promote better decision-making among persons that supply the business with products or services that ensure client satisfaction.
An ethical business environment can use the external market’s existent process to ensure an increase in market share by tailoring all components in the business section to profitable work operations. When an unethical employee discovers internal company operations for personal gain, the impact can become inappropriate work engagement. If new policies are developed to become financially viable, an employee who does not have appropriate moral judgment can use this opportunity to create personal profits (Bulog & Grančić, 2017). Possible solutions to this ethical dilemma involve requiring employees to sign a non-disclosure agreement immediately after employment. This way, it would be possible to ensure the company keeps its secrets for profitability and remain operational. There would be a dependable method to handle organizational changes once employees understand their work activities and behaviors during work hours embody their company. Another solution is implementing disciplinary actions for employees when they violate codes of conduct, including creating a write-up warning them of their negative behavior. Correcting unethical behavior for employees can include eliminating bonus payments or terminating employment. Leaders can conduct all these management methods so that a standard work management process gets integrated to promote business profitability.
Recommendation
An ethics training program will be productive by involving company culture, ethical conduct, and frequent ethical dilemmas. All these topics are crucial in facilitating changes due to their influence on employee behaviors and the possibility of integrating high-quality behaviors in an entire work environment. The teaching of company culture offers a solid basis for developing impactful outcomes for employees after providing them with a reliable understanding of its activities. Involvement of ethical conduct teaching is another effective process for generating changes due to the availability of moral education that every employee would be expected to abide by. A training program of this kind will be productive by ensuring employees are aware of common ethical dilemmas. This would allow them to correlate the ethical conduct rules with scenarios in the professional environment. After all the training processes, it would be possible to encourage compliance.
Conclusion
In conclusion, an ethics audit is a process that determines how a company applies proper rules and the extent to which its daily organizational culture complies with the regulations. Implementing ethical standards is highly impactful in facilitating changes since it would be possible to discover constraints in a company. Once this is known, organizational rules and policies can be implemented to ensure all environmental stakeholders are provided with the required outcomes. In this case, it would be possible to facilitate a business with profitable results in different capacities based on the availability of many stakeholders, each possessing unique roles. Using the company’s target market knowledge, it would be possible to implement productive behaviors in different capacities since the research process would develop helpful knowledge.
References
Bulog, I., & Grančić, I. (2017). The Benefits of Business Ethics – Ethical Behavior of Decision Makers: the Empirical Findings from Croatia. Mediterranean Journal Of Social Sciences, 8(4 S1), 9. Retrieved from
https://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/10007
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Errida, A., & Lotfi, B. (2021). The determinants of organizational change management success: Literature review and case study. International Journal Of Engineering Business Management, 13, 184797902110162. DOI: 10.1177/18479790211016273
Fløvik, L., Knardahl, S., & Christensen, J. (2019). The Effect of Organizational Changes on the Psychosocial Work Environment: Changes in Psychological and Social Working Conditions Following Organizational Changes. Frontiers In Psychology, 10. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02845
Grigoropoulosi, J. E. (2019). The Role of Ethics in 21st Century Organizations. International Journal of Progressive Education, 15, (2). DOI: 10.29329/ijpe.2019.189.12.
Newman, C., Rand, J., Tarp, F., & Trifkovic, N. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility in a Competitive Business Environment. The Journal Of Development Studies, 56(8), 1455-1472. DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2019.1694144
Shannon, L. (2017). The Effectiveness of Using Business Ethics in Order to Achieve a Successful Business. Integrated Studies.76. https://digitalcommons.murraystate.edu/bis437/76
Sroka, W., & Szántó, R. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics in Controversial Sectors: Analysis of Research Results. Journal Of Entrepreneurship, Management And Innovation, 14(3), 111-126. DOI: 10.7341/20181435.
Tamunomiebi, M. D., & Orianzi, R. (2019). Ethical leadership: Implications for organizational reputation. (2019). The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 6 (1), 121 – 134.
https://strategicjournals.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1037
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Running head: RESEARCH QUESTION EVALUATION
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Running head: RESEARCH QUESTION EVALUATION
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Research Question Evaluation
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Course Name
Professor’s Name
Date
Research Question Evaluation
The credibility of the Data
The research question integrated into this study is related to how artificial intelligence (AI) integration in clinical radiology has the potential to disrupt the industry. According to Becker et al. (2022), AI is strongly connected to the operations performed in clinical radiology for better test results. The technology allows machines can achieve human-level performance while performing detection of any tumours during radiology tests. There are suitable improvements performed in the AI industry using research that structures technical operations by machines to validate the Integration of AI algorithms for patient care. The credibility of the data in the article is reliable since the authors researched how healthcare professionals who have used artificial intelligence have promoted better health management. Most research participants agreed that AI integration in radiology information technology (IT) departments has promoted accuracy and reduced excess time for setting up systems.
The next article focused on the use of AI for medical imaging, whereby it is clear that the demand for AI is constantly progressing. According to Mulryan et al. (2022), the advancements in AI have been adverse, causing some radiologists to develop a negative attitude towards the industry that could potentially eliminate human jobs. AI has been found to simulate human brain capacity, which does not get received well by professionals in healthcare settings. This indicates more operations can get performed to validate AI operations since they are needed for system management. The article’s data was collected from journalists, radiologists, commercial representatives, researchers, and non-radiologist doctors, and all provided different opinions on the impact of AI in medical imaging.
Documentation of the Data
All the articles integrate a high-quality data documentation process since there are different topics, use of graphics, and graphs that explain how the research got conducted. There was a direct process to determine that the articles were quantitative since there was a comparison among different variables. In the article by Becker et al. (2022), the data analyzed how different respondents reacted to the value of AI in clinical radiology. The Data then got recorded in tables under different questions so that there would be an accurate analysis outcome by finding out the number of responses that supported or did not support concepts mentioned in a research question. In the same article, an example of accurate documentation is a graph that indicated data from clinical radiologists on why they did not acquire certified AI-algorism expertise.
In the second article, Mulryan et al. (2022) offered accurate data representations using schematics that integrated different reactions and the number of participants by applying a logistic regression model to determine the Data’s validity. The use of key terms was possible upon opening the document as it was possible to detect that the application of the quantitative research method was common by indicating a different number of participants used in the research and how their answers got distributed. The study was direct and only required participants to answer questions during survey sessions while providing their data for easy identification. Collecting data from different radiologists was applied to promote the study’s validity.
Evaluation of Data Analysis and Interpretation
The data collected from the articles support a hypothesis developed for the study: it is imperative to conform to AI practices in radiology since they affect inevitable healthcare delivery. The future of AI appears to be getting more advanced, especially for the radiology industry, which integrates a structure for change in handling system operations. It can be possible to handle superintelligence operations based on AI’s ability to mimic human clinical radiologists’ behaviour. The authors introduced the level of expertise in handling AI operations advancements based on the capability to correlate ideas for generating better data analysis. The existence of AI for clinical radiology is a structure connected to the change of different aspects in the healthcare environment due to its capability to manage system operations. There is thus a structure for change in terms of better machine operations for patient healthcare improvement. Management of human beings’ acceptance of AI is required for the best procedure of offering intelligence improvement for a safe healthcare future.
Possible Ethical Issues
In conclusion, it would be possible to correlate real-life positive healthcare outcomes and the data provided by persons familiar with the area of interest. There are conditions required to improve AI operations, including algorithm management and logic handling, which are all imperative to support healthcare expertise by clinical radiologists as they learn to perform AI operations. All these are appropriate techniques for promoting accurate system handling as an accurate structure for AI integration into clinical radiology and medical imaging. Digitization of healthcare imaging operations affects existent automation operations that seek to engage people with the technical environment expertise in operations structured to integrate better machine learning processes as set up using clinical radiology expertise. The authors thus were affected by the influx of too much technology in healthcare that may seem to undermine the expertise of healthcare providers. It is thus critical to operating in the current advacned IT environment using training of clinical radiologists instead of solely trusting AI. Applying social constructs and views from clinical radiologists is thus imperative to constantly manage AI operations related to accurate system improvements.
References
Becker, C., Kotter, E., Fournier, L., & Martí-Bonmatí, L. (2022). Current practical experience with artificial intelligence in clinical radiology: a survey of the European Society of Radiology. Insights Into Imaging, 13(1). doi: 10.1186/s13244-022-01247-y.
Mulryan, P., Ni Chleirigh, N., O’Mahony, A., Crowley, C., Ryan, D., & McLaughlin, P. et al. (2022). An evaluation of information online on artificial intelligence in medical imaging. Insights Into Imaging, 13(1). doi: 10.1186/s13244-022-01209-4
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Deliverable 4 – Dangers Facing Non-Radiology Staff Due To a Lack of Knowledge about Radiation Exposure.
Attempt 2
Jamie Raines
Rasmussen College
HSA5000CBE Section 01CBE Scholarly Research and Writing
Caroline Gulbrandsen
7/27/2022
Introduction
Radiation exposure is one of the main problems people face today. According to Algohani, et al. (2018, p. 3), the general population has an average radiation dosage of 2.5 mSv per year, accounting for roughly 15% of the total radiation exposure. CT scanning has led to an increase in medical exposure during the last two decades. However, 20% of medical exposures are clinically harmful. The field of radiology is a vital one in modern medicine. According to the National Council on Radiological Protection and Diagnostics’ 2010 research, “Ionizing Radiation Exposure of the US population,” the general public’s radiation exposure has increased sevenfold since the early 1980s (Khaled, et al., 2018). On the one hand, there is a great deal of concern about long-term health impacts like cancer because there is no known safe dosage and adverse effects may take up to two centuries to manifest. Radiation dose and danger linked with radiological exams are poorly understood. Different studies have been carried out, with most participants being radiology staff. Still, there is a lack awareness of the risks of radiation exposure to non-radiology staff. This paper addresses the question about radiation awareness and lack of radiation exposure knowledge among non-radiology staff by posing the question: What dangers, if any, do the non-radiology staff face due to a lack of knowledge about radiation exposure?
Training for radiologists and radiographers is comprehensive, but non-radiologists are only required to complete a radiation safety course to get a certificate of core knowledge. The legislative document specifies what constitutes core knowledge. Radiation physics, biology, dose reduction techniques, and radiation safety are all covered in this course of study. Radiation doses connected with many radiological operations are underestimated by non-radiologists, regardless of whether or not they have taken a core of information class. Therefore, this research question is critical because it illustrates the effects of a lack of knowledge about the relative radiation doses of radiographical procedures for non-clinicians (Alotaibi, & Muhyi, 2019).
There are various gaps in the previous studies regarding this issue. According to Hobbs, et al. (2018), there is a lack of knowledge about the radiation dose and danger connected with radiological exams. Researchers from various specialties, medical students, interns, and general practitioners have participated in many researches, but the non-radiology staff has not been fully educated about the dangers of radiation. Therefore, my mixed methods research study will look at the non-radiology staff and the dangers they are in due to a lack of knowledge about radiation exposure. The study will consist of an interview to better understand participants’ knowledge gaps and training requirements.
My study results indicate overall poor knowledge of radiation dose and risk among radiology residents, fellows, staff radiologists, and technologists of the Department of Medical Imaging. This is not different from many prior publications showing similar results among medical students, interns, and physicians of various non-radiological specialties. To the best of my knowledge, no research has been performed exclusively among radiology workers. The lack of large studies of radiation knowledge among radiology workers could be because radiation dose and risks are part of their learning curriculum, and the assumption is that they would be experts in different aspects of radiation. The physicians need to have sufficient knowledge of radiation risks, as they would be the ones requesting a radiology examination in the first place. However, radiologists are expected to have a wider and deeper knowledge of various aspects of medical radiation exposure and should be available to guide physicians in choosing an appropriate imaging modality that would provide the optimal answer to the clinical question with minimal radiation hazard.
As a result of this study, I will gain a better understanding of how non-radiology personnel misunderstand the risks patients face from radiation exposure during routine imaging procedures and how they fail to address common patient concerns effectively. Recommending doctors are the ones who initially seek testing; therefore, they must know enough about radiation to do so safely. This study is critical because it entails reducing the harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation during medical tests to the absolute minimum. Public health initiatives may aim to improve the quality of radiology treatment or reduce exposure to risk factors like ionizing radiation. Radiologists and radiobiologists may work together to get the data they need to practice evidence-based medicine, a cornerstone of modern medicine. I believe that our institution is not alone in this battle and unfortunately currently there are no published data on radiation knowledge to compare with other teaching institutions in North America.
I am trying to enforce the recommendations of the American College of Radiology blue ribbon panel, which includes improving medical physics training during residency, including radiation safety topics in exit examinations, regular in-service training for technologists on radiation safety, which the institution is currently conducting every three months, and advanced training of selected enthusiastic technologists who can impart periodic training to other staff (Amis ES Jr, & Butler PF, 2012). Periodic continuous medical educational (CME) activities are recommended among radiology workers (Niemann, et al., 2012), and the hospital is working holistically to make this mandatory for all, including the staff radiologists irrespective of subspecialties, to update themselves on radiation dosage and risks and provide the evidence of acquired CME credits.
Medical educational activities could help in providing optimal usage of imaging resources and minimize the unpredictable and unavoidable risk of cancer, albeit very small. Pre- and post-educational session assessments can be performed to assess improvement in these endeavors. Other measures such as including the patient’s total radiation exposure in the imaging report, and including the radiation dosages in the radiology request forms, could also create greater awareness among physicians and five patients, and potentially reduce the injudicious usage of imaging, although this needs extensive discussion among physicians and patients for ethical concerns and practical difficulties. This study is critical because it entails reducing the harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation during medical tests to the absolute minimum. Public health initiatives may aim to improve the quality of radiology treatment or reduce exposure to risk factors like ionizing radiation. Radiologists and radiobiologists may work together to get the data they need to practice evidence-based medicine, to ensure patient and personal safety.
References
Algohani, K. A., Aldahhasi, A. A., Algarni, A. H., Amrain, K. Y., & Marouf, M. A. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 70(3), 371-375.
Alotaibi, A. E., & Muhyi, N. A. (2019). Assessing the radiation protection knowledge among nonradiologists. Surgery, 69, 57-5.
Amis ES Jr, Butler PF (2012) ACR white paper on radiation dose in medicine: three years later. J Am Coll Radiol 7(11):865–870
Hobbs, J. B., Goldstein, N., Lind, K. E., Elder, D., Dodd III, G. D., & Borgstede, J. P. (2018). Physician knowledge of radiation exposure and risk in medical imaging. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 15(1), 34-43.
Khaled, A., Ali, A., Abdullah, A., Khaled, A., & Majed, M. (2018). Awareness of radiation protection measures among radiologists and non-radiologists.
Niemann T, Nicolas G, Roser HW, Muller-Brand J, Bongartz G (2012) Imaging for suspected pulmonary embolism in pregnancy-what about the fetal dose? A comprehensive review of the literature. Insights Imaging 1(5–6):361–37
1
Deliverable 7 – Scholarly Research Paper
Attempt 1.
Jamie Raines
Rasmussen College
HSA5000CBE Section 01CBE Scholarly Research and Writing
Caroline Gulbrandsen
9/1/2022
Robert Neuteboom
Consider creating a title that better represents the content of your paper.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 2
Introduction
The level of success that a company achieves in its operations is among the most
significant features of that company. The primary reason for this is that the way things are done
directly affects the results obtained from doing those things. A lackluster performance might lead
to disheartening results, yet the flawless completion of one’s responsibilities can propel a company
to new heights of commercial success. Since healthcare is an essential component of any economy,
it stands to reason that it requires well-designed processes to get the highest quality results. A
reliable performance management system is essential to guarantee that work is completed
following the requirements and standards set out (Sastradinata, 2021). Despite this, the majority of
hospitals have difficulty monitoring the progression of their patients due to the absence of a
dependable performance tracking system.
In addition, this issue is caused by the fact that some hospitals still employ systems based
on paper, which limits both the staff’s ability to get things done and the HR department’s ability to
keep an eye on everything that is going on. For instance, the number of daily evaluations that are
done could be impacted by a manual and paper-based strategy. As a consequence of this, the
hospital administration is unable to achieve the performance targets it has set, which has a
detrimental effect on the hospital’s reputation in the community. Another problem that exists
within the healthcare system is inadequate job descriptions and evaluation tools (Sastradinata,
2021). The majority of hospitals make use of ineffective, disjointed systems that are supported by
obsolete technology. This indicates that the majority of activities concerning health are not
connected at all. Not only are such systems inefficient, but they also waste time on things that do
not need to be done in the first place, and that might be automated with a well-designed system that
prioritizes the need to monitor performance effectively. This wastes time, which can be avoided by
Robert Neuteboom
Remove running headers. They are not needed in APA 7th edition.
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What is “This”? Specify.
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which could
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outdated technology
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performance targets for what exactly? Specify.
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ineffective patient tracking
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“this”? Specify.
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which requirements and standards and “set out” by whom?
Robert Neuteboom
Doing what “things”?
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What is “this”? Specify.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 3
designing the system to prioritize the need to monitor performance effectively. This proposal is
based on the premise that efficient performance management systems are essential to establishing
high standards of efficiency and effectiveness throughout the healthcare industry, particularly in
hospitals. This presumption underpins the idea that this proposal should be accepted. To
investigate this, we will look at the data that hospitals have provided regarding their perspectives
on performance management. In particular, we will focus on the systems that hospitals employ, as
well as the benefits and drawbacks of such systems concerning the accomplishment of the
hospitals’ goals (Moradipour et al., 2021). We will conduct interviews with managers and staff
members from several hospitals so that we can have a clear picture of how the existing
performance management system affects the sector.
Methodology
Data will be collected on healthcare performance at the national, state, and hospital levels,
as well as the impact of performance management systems, using primary and secondary data
collection methods. The investigation will make use of both primary and secondary sources to
compile its findings. A qualitative research study is used, and also a review of the literature from
the database and data is compiled to get significant findings (Williams et al., 2022). As the principal
tactic, a wide variety of persons will be questioned across the board regarding the matter at hand.
Administrators of human resources departments from a variety of hospitals will be questioned. To
shed light on the procedures that are utilized in performance management at these firms, the
interviewees’ comments will be of the utmost importance. This information will be used by the
survey to enquire into the outcomes as well as the obstacles of managing hospitals with the tools
that are now available.
Robert Neuteboom
I don’t see a research question.
Robert Neuteboom
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The results from the interviews
Robert Neuteboom
Above you say people “across the board” will be questioned, which implies everybody. In this sentence, however, you specify administrators of human resources departments. Clarify who will be participating in your interviews.
Robert Neuteboom
Avoid these vague cliched sentences. State specifically what this regards.
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Rather than say “across the board,” which doesn’t specify who you will interview, mention something like: in several positions at hospitals
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Delete
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compile
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to
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databases
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online
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that includes
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in terms of
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Delete comma
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local?
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Add a topic sentence and transitional element.
Robert Neuteboom
Again, what is “this” supposed to stand in for? Specify.
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Clarify what you mean by “this proposal.”
Robert Neuteboom
The research study proposed in this paper
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 4
Conducting interviews with HR managers in healthcare facilities will help shed light on the
situation because the difficulties emanating from these concerns primarily affect the human
resources department. Since the compilation of an academic anthology of viewpoints on the issue
is the target, we will also be consulting relevant sources such as books, journals, and the internet to
achieve this goal. Because of this, it will be easy to assess the opinions and findings of many
different authors. In the process of compiling these books, only credible sources from the modern
age will be considered for inclusion. This is done to ensure that the hospital performance
management systems can collect reliable data. The majority of these resources will be obtained
through interlibrary loans from various academic and public libraries. In addition to this, we will
take into consideration the material that is located on reputable websites and in online libraries.
Primary Data Collection
In contrast to the limited information that can be obtained from a semi-structured interview,
which is comprised of nothing more than a set of questions that are open-ended facilitating the
collection of detailed data that is critical in bringing a significant change in healthcare and the
social setting. The effectiveness of the semi-structured interview may be inferred from the fact that
it features a degree of adaptability, as evidenced by the fact that it enables the expansion of the
topics that are emphasized in the interview guide. The researcher in charge of conducting the
interviews will be provided with a guide outlining the subjects that require additional examination
(Williams et al., 2022). Because the information supplied in the interview guidelines is organized
topically, the person conducting the interview will be able to ask unique questions of each
respondent. Researchers benefit from using guides for conducting interviews because they relieve
them of the tedious task of organizing interview questions into a structure that applies to everyone.
Robert Neuteboom
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Specify “this.”
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 5
As a result, interviewers can tailor their inquiries to the particulars of each interview and
the respondents they are speaking with. We will uncover specifics about how the mystery group
aids people who are undergoing radiation therapy through the use of an interview that is only semi-
structured. The semi-structured interview will serve some purposes, one of the most important of
which is to motivate and urge the interviewee to take part in the study by developing engaging
interview questions and, where appropriate, providing visual help to facilitate clarification. The
semi-structured interview will also serve to gather information about the interviewee’s experiences
and perspectives. In particular, we will be looking for respondents’ subjective evaluations, which,
up until the time that the findings are presented, will be kept strictly confidential. The candidate
will be given ample time to offer considered responses to each question as the interview will be set
at a time that allows for this.
Sample Selection
The primary objective of the research is to understand healthcare organizations’
perspectives about the performance of healthcare providers, especially when handling patients in
different scenarios, including conducting radiotherapy. 10 participants from 5 different healthcare
organizations will play a critical role in eliminating possible bias. Because of the limited size of the
sample, a combination of the quota sampling approach and the random sampling strategy will be
utilized in the process of collecting samples. In quota sampling, the researcher chooses to examine
only a certain proportion of the available total variables. It is possible to categorize people
differently according to their gender, age, how they live their lives, or even their race. The
researcher can then select what percentage of each category to use by utilizing the ease of access to
the features of the study (Williams et al., 2022). Based on their age and position inside the mysterious
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Do you mean anonymous or unspecified. Mysterious is a word that doesn’t quite fit with description of a study.
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Robert Neuteboom
Clarify what you mean here.
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five – spell out numbers one to ten.
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Ten
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study
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Not sure what this means. Clarify.
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PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 6
organization, participants in this study will be given a random assignment to either the high-level
management group or the entry-level staff group. When we look at people who fall into this
category, we find a diverse group of individuals in the healthcare organization to get detailed
information about their performance system effectiveness.
Literature Review
The healthcare industry’s adoption of distinct performance criteria and indicators
necessitated the development of multidimensional performance assessment frameworks at the
government’s international, national, and regional levels (Moradipour et al., 2021). Over the past four
decades, performance management systems (PMSs) in healthcare have been applied and
implemented, resulting in several improvements due to unanticipated effects and new ideas about
success in healthcare. The development of performance management in the healthcare industry is
intrinsically tied to the conception of “performance in health.” The growth of performance
management in healthcare is a direct outcome of NPM reforms, which pushed for the widespread
adoption of private-sector methods in the West (Trinh, 2021). At the time, the healthcare industry
was only beginning to use performance management systems to increase both revenue and the
number of services provided to patients. Each medical center competes with its peers to provide
the finest care possible through superior resources, service, and technology (Arora & Ikbal, 2021).
The administrators of a hospital have to decide how to split up a limited supply of resources among
competing patients to maximize efficiency in light of strategic goals.
Targeted outcomes and responsibilities within the context of the organization. Throughout
the first two decades of performance measurement applications, more and more nations and
umbrella organizations emphasized the need to assess performance across various dimensions.
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Please include your interview questions.
Robert Neuteboom
This paragraph seems to need a topic sentence as well.
Robert Neuteboom
Fragment sentence.
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Add a topic sentence that describes what this paragraph is about to help readers follow your line of thought.
Robert Neuteboom
The Literature Review typically appears before the Methods section in a study.
Robert Neuteboom
which category? Specify.
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PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 7
After the year 2000, a new generation of performance management systems emerged, with the
stated goal of improving the complexity of the metrics to encourage inter-organizational
effectiveness as well as joint activities across different units within the same organization (Kludacz-
Alessandri, 2020). Some researchers have also brought attention to the persistent problems with
healthcare quality assessment tools. Due to the complex nature of healthcare systems and the
unpredictability of care results, the issue of sub-optimization (i.e., focusing on improving one
component of healthcare without realizing the influence on other aspects of the system) is of
particular importance.
Institutions like hospitals, family doctors, disease prevention offices, and so on. For this
reason, healthcare providers must adopt a philosophy of success that looks beyond the results of
individual entities or units and embrace new technologies to align their priorities better, share
information, and work together. The population medicine approach is generally recognized as a
game-changing innovation for healthcare delivery systems. Another critical change in performance
management is the emergence of the concept of success tied to meaning (Sastradinata, 2021). Last
but not least, recent disasters have shown how crucial it is to factor in sustainability and resilience
as a result. Unpredictable incidents like this have caused some to question the efficacy of federal-
state collaboration, particularly in decentralized healthcare systems.
Results
A wide variety of results might be expected to emerge from the data that was collected
utilizing the methods mentioned above. We predict that the conclusions will center on the existing
performance management system and its deficiencies in the day-to-day management of hospitals
and the healthcare system as a whole. The most important findings will focus on how this system
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
What system? Specify.
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Robert Neuteboom
Your organization is confusing. Results should follow your methods section.
Robert Neuteboom
Your literature review is very brief. I also don’t see any discussion of the gap your study is attempting to fill.
Robert Neuteboom
Add a topic sentence.
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Another fragment sentence.
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PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 8
impedes progress and achievement. To gain a better understanding of the situation, the gathered
data will need to be evaluated utilizing statistical methods of data presentation and analysis. For
instance, the utilization of charts and tables will be required to identify patterns among the various
healthcare facilities. In addition, equipment such as electronic calculators will be essential for the
process of data calculation.
Discussion
The current system’s deplorable status and its detrimental effect on the efficiency of
impacted hospitals will become clear from the results, which will be collected through surveys and
other techniques. Any hospital’s capacity to keep tabs on the quality of care it’s giving its patients
can be hampered by a lack of effective performance management tools. Manual methods prevent
us from determining the speed at which services are provided or from comparing other sections of
the institution. Employee efforts are also undermined by ineffective performance management
systems when job descriptions and evaluation tools are not geared toward the hospital’s goals in
terms of patient care. As a result, keeping an accurate performance record for each employee to
recognize their superior work properly is impossible. Their motivation to perform at their best
could be severely hampered due to this.
Limitations and Ethics
The limitation of this research is that not all the professionals are involved in the process,
making it difficult to give an exclusive representation of the population. The other limitation is that
different healthcare organization experience healthcare systems differently, and others might
appreciate small progress making it difficult to make inferences.
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Clarify your point here. It is quite vague.
Robert Neuteboom
organizations
Robert Neuteboom
Wrap these findings into the result section above.
Robert Neuteboom
Delete
Robert Neuteboom
properly
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
or provide coaching when work is subpar
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
healthcare workers
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Describe specific data you anticipate from conducting your study. Your findings in this section are vague and generalized.
Robert Neuteboom
This is a very brief description of data analysis.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 9
Numerous moral and legal concerns will arise as a result of this endeavor. The first rule of
interviewing is that no confidential inquiries of any kind should be asked. The vast majority of
people would prefer to keep their opinions to themselves. Some legal and ethical considerations
include: According to the principle of informed consent, no correspondent will be compelled to
participate in the research. To do this, we need only recruit participants who are interested in taking
part and who are eager to work together. Participants’ anonymity must be protected, and all
research projects must adhere to strict standards of confidentiality (Williams & Pigeot, 2016). There
will be no sharing of the data gathered under any circumstances. Respondents will not be asked for
their names or any other identifying information by the interviewers either. What could go wrong
or suitable as a result of the research being conducted; one of the ethical requirements of research
is that the researcher must not place the responder in a precarious position due to his participation
in the project. Each person who takes part in the study will be treated fairly and given a full
explanation of why they are being asked to participate.
References
Robert Neuteboom
Add a conclusion that reiterates the purpose of your study, describes the study’s practical value, and presents opportunities for additional research.
Robert Neuteboom
Fragment sentence.
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Word choice?
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
Robert Neuteboom
in the study
Robert Neuteboom
But you are seeking their opinions through an interview, correct?
Robert Neuteboom
Not sure what this means. Are you suggesting that questions should not put participants in a position to harm themselves with their responses?
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 10
Arora, L., & Ikbal, F. (2021). Experiences of implementing hospital management information
system (HMIS) at a tertiary care hospital, India. Vilakshan – XIMB Journal Of
Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/xjm-09-2020-0111
Kludacz-Alessandri, M. (2020). The Relationship between Cost System Functionality,
Management Accounting Practices, and Hospital Performance. Foundations Of
Management, 12(1), 223-236. https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0017
Moradipour, M., Javidi, M., & Sadeghi, T. (2021). Effects of Hospital Information System on the
Performance of Management Units in Public Hospitals Analysis in Southwestern
Iran. Jundishapur Journal Of Health Sciences, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.5812/jjhs.119762
Sastradinata, I. (2021). Balanced Scorecard as a Method of Assessing the Performance of a
Hospital Management System. Open Access Indonesia Journal Of Social Sciences, 4(2),
143-147. https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v4i1.34
Trinh, H. (2021). Service Duplication and Local Hospital System Membership. Academy Of
Management Proceedings, 2021(1), 11684.
https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.11684abstract
Williams, G., & Pigeot, I. (2016). Consent and confidentiality in the light of recent demands for
data sharing. Biometrical Journal, 59(2), 240-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.201500044
Williams, T., Wiles, J., Smith, M., & Ward, K. (2022). Combining action research and grounded
theory in health research: A structured narrative review. SSM – Qualitative Research In
Health, 2, 100093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100093
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100093
https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.201500044
https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.11684abstract
https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v4i1.34
https://doi.org/10.5812/jjhs.119762
https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2020-0017
https://doi.org/10.1108/xjm-09-2020-0111
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT 11
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