Applying Scientific Knowledge – Bio Chemistry

Applying Scientific Knowledge – Bio Chemistry
Enzyme inhibition.
Due to this potential, cyanide provides a competitive inhibition to cytochrome c oxidase where it starts with the pulsed or resting enzyme where a partial reduction process of cytochrome c oxidase occurs, transferring two of its electron procedurals from ferrocytochrome c to cytochrome a and CuA. The process occurs by converting closed enzyme to open enzyme conformation, which in turn renders the cyanide to bind with cytochrome a3-CuB site. In its oxidized form, cytochrome oxidase mixes with cyanide in a process that changes the heme-absorption bands. The reduction process of cytochrome oxidase involves the HCN and a32+.
Sequence 1
Transcribing:
TAA – Stop codons
AAT – Asparagine
CAG- Glutamine
CTC – leucine
TAG – Stop codons
ACG – Threonine
GTA – Valine
CTC – leucine
TAC – tryptophan
TAG – stop codons
TGG – tryptophan
TCC – Serine
ATG – Methionine
Translating the Sequence
Amphipathic
TAC and TGG
Hydrophobic
ATG, CTC, GTA, and CTC
Polar
TCC, ACG, CAG, and AAT
Stop Codons
TAA, TAG, and TAG
Sequence 2
AGG –Arginine
ACG –Threonine
TAG – Stop codons
CTT –leucine
TTA – leucine
ACG –Threonine
CTC –leucine
TAA – stop codons
AGG –Arginine
AAA –Lysine
TTA –leucine
Polar
ACG
Charged
AGG and AAA
Stop Codons
TAA and TAG
Hydrophobic
CTT, TTA, CTC and TTA
Normal hemoglobin DNA and Sickle cell hemoglobin DNA
The difference between Normal hemoglobin DNA and Sickle cell hemoglobin DNA is that normal hemoglobin has six codons: Histidine, Valine, Aspartic acid, Methionine, Glycine, Leucine, Leucine, and Phenylalanine. On the other had sickle cell haemoglobin has similar codons to haemoglobin but instead of leucine it has Histidine, meaning it results from this substitution.
DNA and RNA Compounds
RNA
DNA
Guanine
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
Guanine
Adenine
2-deoxy-D-ribose
Cytosine
Thymine
D-ribose

Cytochrome -c
Rhesus monkey is closest to humans because it has a similar amino acid consequence in comparison to human being thus number 1. Bullfrog is position 2 because it only has differences of two last amino acids. Position 3 is taken by the tuna, which has two similar amino acids followed by the chicken with only one similar amino acid to human while silkworm has position 5 and as it does not share any amino acid with humans.
The template strand is the one running from a 31 to 51 and it is where the mRNA is built from (transcription process). The coding strand is not applied in the transcription process due to its correspondence with the mRNA sequence.
The sequence of mRNA is different from DNA as it has uracil-replacing thymine. It follows a 51 to 31 direction where if elongation stops, separating mRNA and DNA.
The tRNA 1st where it has 31 ends with the 2nd place having a tRNA anticodon. In addition, the 3rd place, meaning the one with 51 tRNA anticodon.
Through translation, the mRNA read as 5’ to 3’ is transferred to tRNA read as 31 to 51, which assists in the translation of information on the ribosome into an amino acid chain.